American Red Cross - Advanced Life Support Final Exam Questions and Answers. | Exams Socialization and the Life Course | Docsity (2024)

Download American Red Cross - Advanced Life Support Final Exam Questions and Answers. and more Exams Socialization and the Life Course in PDF only on Docsity! American Red Cross - Advanced Life Support Final Exam Questions and Answers. A patient is being treated in the emergency department and is determined to have NSTE-ACS. Invasive management is planned based on which finding? - Ventricular Tachycardia - Atrial Fibrillation - Ventricular Fibrillation - Atrial Tachycardia - ANS Ventricular Tachycardia A healthcare provider is establishing cardiac monitoring using a five-electrode system. The healthcare provider demonstrates proper use of the system by placing the green electrode in which location? - Under the left clavicle at the midclavicular line - At the 4th intercostal space, right sternal border - On the lower right abdomen - On the lower left abdomen - ANS On the lower RIGHT abdomen The stroke team is assessing a patient with a suspected stroke. The patient is alert and able to carry on a conversation, although the patient has difficulty getting the words out. Testing confirms that the patient has had an ischemic stroke. Based on the patient's medical history, a history of which arrhythmia would alert the team to the patient's increased risk for stroke? - Atrial tachycardia - Atrial fibrillation - Ventricular fibrillation - Bradycardia - ANS Atrial Fibrillation A patient experiences cardiac arrest, and the resuscitation team initiates ventilations using a bag-valve-mask (BVM) resuscitator. The development of which condition during the provision of care would lead the team to suspect that improper BVM technique is being used? - Hypertension - Pneumothorax - Rib Fracture - Esophageal Injury - ANS Pneumothorax A patient presents to the emergency department with mild to moderate recurrent chest pain, without any nausea or vomiting. A 12-lead ECG is obtained and shows ST- segment depression with transient T-wave elevation indicative of NSTE-ACS. Cardiac enzyme levels are obtained and are not elevated. These findings suggest which condition? - Non-STEMI - Myocardial Infarction - STEMI - Unstable Angina - ANS Unstable Angina A patient is brought to the emergency department by their spouse. The spouse says, "I think it's a stroke." The stroke team initiates a rapid stroke assessment using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Which area(s) would the team include in this assessment? - Visual function - Level of consciousness - Cranial Nerve function - Language deficits - Facial Palsy - ANS Visual function, LOC, and Language deficits A patient with dyspnea and a change in mental status arrives at the emergency department. The healthcare team completes the necessary assessments and begins to care for the patient, including initiating cardiac monitoring, pulse oximetry, supplemental oxygen and vascular access. The team reviews the patient's ECG rhythm strip, as shown in the following figure. Which agent would the team most likely administer? - Atropine 0.5 mg q 4-5 min - Dopamine 5-10 mcg/min - Epinephrine 2-10 mcg/min - Amiodarone 150 mg over 10 min - ANS Atropine 0.5 mg q 4-5 min A resuscitation team is debriefing following a recent event. A patient experienced cardiac arrest, and advanced cardiac life support was initiated. The patient required the placement of an advanced airway to maintain airway patency. Which statement indicates that the team performed high-quality CPR? - ANS We delivered 1 ventilation every 6 seconds and chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute. A healthcare provider initiates ventilations to ensure adequate breathing and oxygenation. While ventilations are being performed, capnography is established to evaluate the adequacy of the ventilations. The healthcare provider determines that ventilations are adequate based on which end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) value? - 10-15 mmHg - 20-25 mmHg - 25-30 mmHg - 35-45 mmHg - ANS 35-45 mmHg - Hypothermia - Hypoxia - ANS Hyperkalemia A patient with a suspected stroke arrives at the emergency department at 7:10 p.m. The stroke team ensures that a neurologic assessment and brain computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is obtained by which time? - 7:20 pm - 7:30 pm - 7:40 pm - 7:50 pm - ANS 7:30 pm A patient enters the emergency department in respiratory compromise. The team is monitoring the patient using capnography and identifies that ETCO2 levels are initially 33 mmHg and later 40 mmHg. From these readings, the team identifies that the patient is progressing in what stage of respiratory compromise? - Resp Acidosis - Resp Failure - Resp Arrest - Resp Distress - ANS Respiratory Distress A patient experiencing STEMI comes to the emergency department of a large medical center at 9:30 p.m. The patient states that the symptoms started about 8 p.m. After confirming the diagnosis and initiating care, the healthcare team schedules the patient for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The facility is capable of administering PCI. To achieve the best outcomes, therapy should be administered to this patient by which time? - 11:00 pm - 12:00 am - 1:00 am -1:30 am - ANS 11:00 pm Assessment of a patient reveals an ETCO2 level of 55 mmHg and an arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) level of 88%. The provider would interpret these findings as indicative of which condition? - Resp distress - Cardiac arrest - Resp arrest - Resp failure - ANS Respiratory Failure A patient with STEMI is experiencing chest pain that is refractory to sublingual nitroglycerin. Intravenous nitroglycerin is prescribed. When administering this medication, it would be titrated to maintain which systolic blood pressure? - 60 mmHg - 70 mmHg - 80 mmHg - 90 mmHg - ANS SBP of 90 mmHg A patient with an ischemic stroke arrives at the emergency department at 2 a.m. The patient's symptoms started about 12:30 a.m. After completing the necessary assessments, the healthcare team diagnoses an ischemic stroke, and the patient is determined to be a candidate for fibrinolytic therapy. To achieve the best outcomes, the team should initiate therapy for this patient no later than by which time? - 3:00 am - 5:30 am - 6:00 am - 8:30 am - ANS 3:00 am A patient has experienced return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest. The healthcare team is conducting a secondary assessment to determine the possible cause of the patient's cardiac arrest. Before the arrest, the patient exhibited jugular venous distension, cyanosis, apnea and hyperresonance on percussion. The patient was also difficult to ventilate during the response. The team would most likely suspect which condition as the cause? - Hypothermia - Cardiac tamponade - Tension pneumothorax - Acidosis - ANS Tension Pneumothorax An ECG strip of a patient in the emergency department reveals the following rhythm. Which feature would the healthcare provider interpret as indicating atrial fibrillation? - ANS Absence of discrete P waves and presence of irregularly irregular QRS complexes A patient comes to the emergency department complaining of palpitations and "some shortness of breath." Cardiac monitoring is initiated and reveals the following ECG rhythm strip. The provider interprets this strip as indicating which arrhythmia? - ANS Atrial Flutter A patient is experiencing respiratory distress secondary to an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patient begins to exhibit signs and symptoms of worsening respiratory function and experiences respiratory arrest. The team intervenes, delivering ventilations via BVM resuscitator. The team would deliver 1 ventilation at which interval? - Every 3-4 sec - Every 5-6 sec - Every 7-8 sec - Every 8-9 sec - ANS Every 5-6 seconds After cardiac arrest and successful resuscitation, the patient has a return of spontaneous circulation. The patient is unable to follow verbal commands and has a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 7. Targeted temperature management is initiated. Which method(s) would be appropriate for the resuscitation team to use? - Giving an ice-cold IV fluid bolus - Apply cooling blankets - Apply cool compress - Administer cool-mist O2 - Using end-vascular catheter - ANS Giving an ice-cold IV fluid bolus, Apply cooling blankets, and endovascular catheter A patient in the telemetry unit is receiving continuous cardiac monitoring. The patient has a history of myocardial infarction. The patient's ECG rhythm strip is shown in the following figure. The provider interprets this strip as indicating which arrhythmia? - ANS Third-degree AV Block A 35-year-old female patient's ECG is consistent with STEMI. The ECG reveals a new ST-segment elevation at the J point in leads V2 and V3 of at least which size? - 0.10 mV - 0.15 mV - 0.2 mV - 0.25 mV - ANS 0.15 mV A patient is brought into the emergency department with a suspected opioid overdose. The patient is in cardiac arrest. Which action would be the team's priority? - O2 - 12-lead ECG - Naloxone IV - Initiate CPR - ANS Initiating high-quality CPR A patient presents to the emergency department with suspected ACS. Electrocardiogram and cardiac biomarkers show the patient has ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Physical examination reveals signs of left ventricular dysfunction. Which finding(s) would support this? - Chest Pain - Pulmonary Edema - Cool, clammy skin - Crackles - Hypotension - ANS Pulmonary Edema, Crackles, and Hypotension A patient with suspected acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is placed on a cardiac monitor. The patient is complaining of dyspnea and is given supplemental oxygen. The provider determines that the oxygen is effective based on which SaO2 level? - 87% - 91% - 93% - 95% - ANS 95% Assessment of a patient in the emergency department reveals that the patient is experiencing respiratory compromise. From the assessment, the team identifies that the patient is in the earliest stage of this condition. Which stage would this be? - Respiratory failure - Respiratory arrest - Respiratory acidosis - Respiratory distress - ANS Respiratory distress A member of the resuscitation team is preparing to administer medications intravenously to a patient in cardiac arrest. The team member follows each medication administration with a bolus of fluid. How much would the team member give? - 5 to 10 mL - 10 to 20 mL - 20 to 30 mL - 30 to 40 mL - ANS 10-20 mL A patient in the telemetry unit is stable. Cardiac monitoring indicates the patient has ventricular tachycardia with a pulse. Further assessment reveals that the corrected QT interval is greater than 0.46 seconds. Which treatment would be appropriate at this time? - Synchronized cardioversion - Defibrillation - Procainamide - Amiodarone - ANS Synchronized cardioversion A 30-year-old patient has been brought to the emergency department in full cardiac arrest. The cardiac monitor shows the following rhythm. Interpretation of this rhythm would suggest which of the following as a possible precipitating factor? - Antibiotic use - A congenital condition - Opioid overdose - Electrocution - ANS Electrocution A patient has experienced return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest. The healthcare team is conducting a secondary assessment to determine the possible cause of the patient's cardiac arrest. Before the arrest, the patient exhibited jugular venous distension, cyanosis, apnea and hyperresonance on percussion. The patient was also difficult to ventilate during the response. The team would most likely suspect which condition as the cause? - Hypothermia - Cardiac tamponade - Tension pneumothorax - Acidosis - ANS Tension pneumothorax